0000221942 00000 n /AvgWidth 521 xref endobj 0000363332 00000 n �X�- 8�lE�;���v~��\@�n玴J���� ޜw�U��ٮ�fC"�r��v,�eoQ��DĿ���B;�[�:~rW7���e s�v���m%A��Qb�m��x�V���ԃ>���{��R��5�e�����*j��� f�52���|���G�,���~{lPn�. Rhizosphaera Needlecast T he fungus Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii causes premature needle drop on spruce and pines. 0000004818 00000 n sp., results in purple to brown discoloration of scattered needles and eventual needle cast (needle drop) (Figure 1). Needle Cast Symptoms & Signs Needle cast disease, caused by the fungus Rhizosphaera sp., results in purple to brown discoloration of scattered needles and eventual needle cast (needle drop) (Figure 1). /H [ 1231 528 ] /CIDToGIDMap /Identity /Tabs /S 0000316076 00000 n << endobj 853 [ 250 ] 856 [ 252 ] 859 [ 250 ] 876 [ 386 ] 882 [ 306 ] 894 [ 303 303 ] 0000003077 00000 n 132 0 R >> /XObject << /X0 137 0 R >> >> /S 367 /CIDSystemInfo 116 0 R Older, inner needles show symptoms first. 0000009027 00000 n 0000050638 00000 n trailer <]/Prev 468078/XRefStm 2294>> startxref 0 %%EOF 244 0 obj <>stream << /W 115 0 R 0000052806 00000 n Rhizosphaera needle cast disease is caused by the fungus Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak. endstream /N 6 0000033354 00000 n 0000061027 00000 n 0000067528 00000 n Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. << /Type /FontDescriptor )?j���P�hL�����}�A���$Z�4���q�G�S�2�� �u%�=��F���v�;���>4��Bϡ7���_�� /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] 0000061241 00000 n /Length 437 /ToUnicode 119 0 R [�~J��iV�K$Z���Ԁ 0000004303 00000 n 0000249005 00000 n ] 367 [ 230 ] 373 [ 799 525 ] 381 [ 527 ] 393 [ 525 ] 395 [ 525 349 ] 400 [ 0000252145 00000 n 0000030065 00000 n Symptoms develop on older needles and on lowermost branches first, and then progress upward. << /Linearized 1 White spruce and other conifers, like pine and fir, are also susceptible. 0000003435 00000 n 0000252966 00000 n Stigmina and Rhizosphaera Needle Cast in Trees. 113 0 obj /CapHeight 750 0000159134 00000 n 0000028354 00000 n Rhizosphaera needle cast, a fungus disease caused by Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii, is primarily a disease of blue spruce (Picea pungens) trees in New Mexico, though it can affect other conifers, such as pon-derosa pine, Japanese black pine, and Douglas fir. /Filter /FlateDecode 662 ] 90 [ 543 ] 94 [ 459 ] 100 [ 487 ] 116 [ 890 ] 258 [ 479 ] 271 [ 525 /T 966078 Rhizosphaera needle cast damage in spruce. endobj Spruce and coniferous trees are susceptible to environmental, insect and disease problems that can cause the trees to discolor, lose needles and possibly die. 0000046719 00000 n 391 ] 410 [ 335 ] 437 [ 525 ] 448 [ 452 715 ] 454 [ 433 453 ] 460 [ 395 ] /Ordering (Identity) >> /Subtype /Type0 0000083693 00000 n 0000037788 00000 n /MaxWidth 1743 0000000017 00000 n endobj /Type /Font 0000076290 00000 n 0000094377 00000 n h�bbbd`b``Ń3��~0 �^q endstream endobj 162 0 obj <>/Metadata 4 0 R/Pages 3 0 R/StructTreeRoot 6 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 163 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 164 0 obj <> endobj 165 0 obj <> endobj 166 0 obj <> endobj 167 0 obj <> endobj 168 0 obj [/Separation/All/DeviceCMYK<>] endobj 169 0 obj [/Separation/PANTONE#20Process#20Black#20U/DeviceCMYK<>] endobj 170 0 obj <>stream Later, the needles turn brown to purplish brown. >> 117 0 obj Branches that lose first year needles for 3 to 4 consecutive years may die. /Pages 107 0 R 0000061213 00000 n CAUSE: Rhizosphaera needle cast is a very significant disease of landscape, nursery and plantation conifers. /BaseFont /ABXSRR+Calibri %%EOF [ 0 [ 507 ] 3 [ 226 579 ] 18 [ 533 ] 47 [ 252 ] 62 [ 420 ] 69 [ 646 ] 75 [