anthropologists Mary Douglas and Michael Thompson, the American political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, and many others. The risk analyses that are increasingly being utilised by politicians, aid programmes and business ignore the insights to be gained from social anthropology which can be applied to modern industrial society. In her work, Mary Douglas (1921-2007) clearly reveals her concern with social order. Though she acknowledges that her In chapter 1 of her famous "Purity and Danger", titled "Ritual Uncleanness", structuralist anthropologist Mary Douglas bases her distinction between the clean and sacred and the unclean and unsacred, while refuting dominant attitudes in 19 th century British anthropology.Douglas argues with the "evolution of culture" paradigm represented by thinkers such as James Frazer and Robertson Smith. A Guide to Mary Douglas's Three Versions of Grid/Group Theory* James V. Spickard Cultural Development Institute In several publications over the last 18 years, Mary Douglas has advanced a theory for correlating cosmological beliefs with concrete social life. In RCT, family stress and illness can increase experiences of low self-worth, disempowerment, inability to tolerate difference, tension, feeling “locked up or locked out” in relationship, self-doubt, and increased isolation. We apply Mary Douglas’ cultural theory to rural waterpoint management and discuss its operationalisation in pluralist arrangements through networking different management cultures at scale. Mary Douglas and cultural anthropology. But in real life dangers are presented in standardized forms which pre-code the individual's choices. This article offers an introduction to grid-group cultural theory (also known as grid-group analysis, Cultural Theory or theory of socio-cultural viability), an approach that has been developed over the past thirty years in the work of the British anthropologists Mary Douglas and Michael Thompson, the American political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, and many others. The idea of risk has recently risen to prominence in political debate and in matters of public policy. The theory is tested in coastal Kenya, an area that typifies the challenges faced across Africa in providing rural communities with safely managed water. Cultural Theory and international relations (Verweij, 1995; Ward, 1998) Starting from a wide range of materials from primitive groups, Douglas developed major ideas about ritual, symbolic deviation, social limits and compared cosmologies. Mary Douglas's cultural theory of grid and group provides a framework for the description of three distinct cultural types corresponding to three logics for the legitimation of collectivity and collective coercion. Mary Tantillo, Jennifer Sanftner, in Treatment of Eating Disorders, 2010. Cognitive psychology treats decision-making as a private personal act. Relational-Cultural Theory and Eating Disorders: The Family. Risk and danger are culturally conditioned ideas. They are shaped by pressures of social life and accepted notions of accountability.