DECISION MAKING Decision making is the process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering information, and assessing alternative resolutions. Rational Models 3. The following figure shows these models, in addition to judgment heuristics approaches to decision making. Abstract—The field of decision making can be loosely divided into two parts: the study of prescriptive models and the study of descriptive models. Neutrality does not exist because every deci- How should one go about making decisions so that they are rational? What makes a decision rational or irrational? These are: – the classical decision model, and – The behavioural (administrative) decision model. This approach increases the Descriptive decision researchers are … Because of this it is sometimes called an optimizing decision making model. It comes to no doubts, that decision-making is a typical human activity. Classical Decision Theory & Bayes’ Theorem. Decisions Decisions Decisions A brief overview of decision making models 2. The Rational Model A rational decision model assumes that there is one best, or optimal, outcome. Using a step-by-step decision-making process can help you make more deliberate, thoughtful decisions by organizing relevant information and de˜ning alternatives. It aims to know how human beings should go about deciding what actions to perform. People all make varying importance decisions every day, thus the idea that decision making can be a rather difficult action may seem so strange and unbelievable. However, a large number of empirical studies have shown that most people in organizations are much poorer at decision making. Classical models of decision-making Several “ethical” or, shall we say, “good” systems have been recommended by various scholars over the years to help people make decisions because everyone has to make some tough decisions one way or an-other. We are cognitive agents. 2.2 Decision-Making Models Management theory recognizes differences between two major models of decision making. Decision making models 1. Prescriptive decision scientists are concerned with prescribing methods for making optimal decisions. Decision making is an accepted part of everyday human life. That is the topic of this book. Decision Theory & Supervisory Control • Two broad areas of decision theory – Normative • Prescriptive ... • Mathematical models of human decision making • Following assumptions are made about how people make decisions: – All alternatives are considered